Manufacture of multiply tubing



Ap 2, 1940. c. A. NICHOLS El AL MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLY TUBING Filed- A j 5, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet i April .2, 1940; C. A. NICHOLS E 'AL MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLY TU B ING Filed Aug. 5, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 H mJJOm fl y ATTORNEW April 2, 1940. c. A. NIC HOLS El AL MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLY TUBING Filed Aug.

.5, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 A'ITORNEM c. A. NICHOLS ET L MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLY TUBING April 2, .1940.

7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 5; 1938 F Z4 ATTORNEY/4' mv N roru. 34%

A ril 2,: 1940.

" c. A. NICHOLS El AL lumumcwunn'or' HULTIPLY TUBING Filed Aug. 5, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Mul -om Mm @JJOQ a QJJOM c; A. NICHOLS ET AL MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLY TUBING- A ril z, 1940. 2,195,751

Filed Aug 5, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 [MEN 3/ I 22 x144 M April 1940- c. A. NICHOLS r AL ,1 5,751

HANUFACIURE 0F MULTIPLY TUBING Filed Aug 5, 1938 'T Sheets-$heet 7 INVENTOM d ATTO Patented Apr. 2 1940 mnmmcronn or -mmnr TUBING Charles A.

Nichols,, and Raymond B.

Bish,

Anderson, Ind., assignors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation, of

Delaware Application August 5, 1938, Serial No. 223,245

6 Claim.-

This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of multiply tubing made by forming a plurality of flat strips of steel into concentric cylindrical plies with the seams of the plies disposed a substantial distance apart. The

tubing iscompleted by passing it through a bath of molten brazing metal which penetrates the interstices between the seams and plies to bond the seams and plies together.

It is a primary aim and object 01' the present invention to provide a novel tube forming method and apparatus bywhich the formation of mu]- tiply tubing may be carried on 'continuously and at a relatively great speed of travel of the tube stock. This object is accomplished by forming overlapping strips of steel stock into multiply tubular shape approximately the shape of the finished product and then by swaging the approximately formed plies of tubing into the desired shape with the plies substantially cylindrical and concentric and closely compacted together with their seams substantially closed. More specifically the overlapping portions of the strips are simultaneously formed into semi-cylindrical or half tubular portions of the completed plies. Then the outer ply is formed into approximately cylindrical formation and then the inner ply is formed around a portion of the outer ply and into approximately cylindrical formation. Then follows the swaging' opertion which causes the plies to be compacted closely with the seams practically closed. The resulting tubing comprises an inner layer provided by lapping sections of the two piles of stock, and an outer layer likewise provided by lapping sec-- tions of the same two plies of stock. In other words each ply provides one half of the inner layer and one half of the outer layer of the tubing. The advantages of this construction will be made apparent hereinafter.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the followa tube forming mill embodying the present in-' vention. In Fig. 1B, the sectional view of Guide A is taken on the line IBIB of Fig. 3A on Sheet 1. I

Fig. 2A on Sheet 1 is an end elevation of the strip oiler shown in Fig. 1A on Sheet 1.

Figs. 3A and 33' on Sheet- 1 are end and side views respectively of Guide A.

Fig. 30 on Sheet 2 is a sectional view of Guide A on line 3C-3C of Fig. 1B.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1B. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Fi 1B.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 13. I

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line '|'I of Fig. 13.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged .sectional view of overlapping strips of stock resulting from formation at section 4-4 of Fig. 1B.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of overlapping strips of stock resulting from formation at section 66 of Fig. 1B.

Fig.10 on Sheet 3 is a sectional view on the line Iii-Ill of Fig. 1C.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view on the line iI-| i of Fig. 1C.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the line i2-l2 of Fig. 1C.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view on the line 3-43 of Fi 1C.

Fig. 1% is a sectional view on the line l4l4 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view on the line I5--l5 of Fi 10.

Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of the strips of stock resulting from formation at section i0iil of Fig. 1C.

Fig. 1'? is an enlarged sectional view of the strips of stock resulting from formation at section i2-IZ of Fig. 1C.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged sectional view of the strips of stock resulting from formation at section i il4 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 19 on Sheet 4 is a sectional view on the line I9--l9 of Fig. 1D. 7

Fig. 20 is a sectional view on the line 2020 of Fi 1D.

Fig.21 is a sectional view on the line 2l- -2l of Fig. 1D.

. strips of stock resluting from formation at section 2l-2l of Fig. 1D,

Fig. 25 on Sheet 5 is a sectional view on the line 25-25 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 26 is a sectional view on the line 2626 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 27 is a sectional view on the line 21-21 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 28 is a sectional view on the line 28-26 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 29 is an enlarged sectional view of the strips of stock resulting from formation at section 25-25 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 30 is an enlarged sectional view of the" strips of stock resulting from formation at section 21-21 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 31 is an enlarged sectional view of the strips of stock resulting from formation at section 28-48 of Fig. 1E.

Fig. 32 on Sheet 6 is an end view partly in section of the swager, this view being taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 32-32 of Fig. 33.

Fig. 33 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through the rotary swager which forms the tubing into the form shown in Fig. 35.

Fig. 34 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 34-34 of Fig. 32.

Fig. 35 on Sheet 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the stock after having been operated upon by the rotary swager shown in the other views on Sheet 6.

Figs. 36 and 37 amend and fragmentary side views, respectively, of the spindle of the rotary swager shown in Figs. 32 and 33 on Sheet 6.

Figs. 38 and 39 are end and longitudinal sectional views, respectively, of one of the swaging blocks, these views being drawn approximately twice the scale of Figs. 36 and 37.

Figs. 40 and 41 are end and side views, respectively, of the roller cage of the rotary swager shown in Figs. 32 and 33.

The multiply tubing lettered T in Fig. 35, Sheet '7, comprises an inner ply P1 and an outer ply P1 having their edges bevelled or scarfed at 20 angles as shown in Fig. 8, Sheet 2. For O. D. tubing the plies of steel are .013" to .015 thick. Before scarfing, the plies are .7275" to .7325" wide and are scarfed to .743" to .748" wide. The plies are scarfed by means of scarfing ioliers designed to produce the required bevel. The ply strips P1 and P2 are supplied from reels R1 and R: respectively (Fig. 1A, Sheet 1), from which they are unwound by the operation of the tube forming apparatus. The plies pass first through a degreaser I00 which removes all of the oil previously placed upon the strip steel to protect it from rust. The degreaser is a rectangular box containing a cleaning liquid which is heated to produce a vapor which thoroughly cleanses the strips.

The cleansed plies P1 and P: then pass to the oiler IOI which applies oil to the inner surface of the inner ply P1 and to 'the outer surface of the outer ply P: but not to adjacent surfaces of the two plies. Lubrication of the plies is necessary in order to reduce friction and prevent the galling of the arbor or mandrel and rolls of the forming apparatus by the plies of steel passing through. If the oil on the plies is excessive, the tubing will become carburized in the brazing furnace in which the tubing is subjected to the bath of molten brazing metal. Therefore, a close control of the amount of oil on the plies is imperative. To control the amount of oil, the plies are first passed through a degreaser to remove all of the oil previously on the plies and a wick type oiler is used to apply the correct amount of oil of known composition. Any light oil free of sulphur, such as commercial ceresinol." would be satisfactory.

The oiler IOI comprises oil vessels I02 and I03 for containing oil absorbed by wicks I04 and I05 respectively, urged by plunger pads I06 and I01 against the remote sides of plies P1 and P: respectively. Pad I 06 is mounted on a plunger IIO urged by a spring II2 toward ply P1. and pad I01 is mounted on a plunger III urged by a spring lll toward the ply P2. The plunger H0 and spring II2 are supported by a guide tube II4 mounted on a bracket II 6. A screw or pin IIB passes through a slot I20 in the tube H4 and. is attached to the plunger H0 in order to prevent rotation of the pad I06 and to limit movement of pad I06 toward ply P1. Likewise, plunger III and spring II3 are supported by a tube II5 carried by a bracket II1. A pin II9 passes through a slot I2I and tube I I5 and is fixed to the plunger III in order to prevent rotation of the pad I01 and to limit movement of pad I01 toward ply P2. Vessels I02 and I03 are hingedly attached to the rolling machine by screws N20 and I03a to permit-swinging the oilers away from stock guide A while threading new stock into the rolling machine. The wicks absorb a limited supply of oil from the vessels I02 and I03 and apply only a very thin film of oil to the plies P1 and P2. The amount of oil supplied is sufiicient for the lubrication of material as it passes through the forming apparatus and a slight amount of oil will remain on the inside of the tubing as it enters the brazing furnace. This oil forms a gas in the brazing furnace which combines with the oxygen inside the tubing and prevents oxidation of the inside of the tubing. The exterior of the tubing is protected while passing through the brazing furnace by introducing into the furnace a supply of reducing gas.

The adjacent surfaces of the plies P1 and P2 should be free from oil, since no useful purpose is served by applying oil to these surfaces. The amount of oil taken by the tubing into the brazing furnace should be as small as possible in order to eliminate the carburizing effect of this oil. Therefore, the oiler is constructed so-as not to place any oil between the plies.

As shown in Figs. 13, 1C, 1D and 1E the rolling machine comprises guides A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and J and sets of rolls numbered with roman numerals from I to X. The rolls are driven by vertical shafts which are so geared together and to a source of power that the peripheral speed of the surfaces of the rollers engaging the stock is substantially the same. For the manufacture of A" O. D. tubing, a speed of 18 ft. per min. has been found satisfactory. All of the guides and rolls are made of chromium plated hardened steel.

Guide A on Sheet 2 comprises plates A1 and A2 and an intermediate plate A: which maintain the plies P1 and P1 in the relation shown in Fig. 30 with the predetermined amount of overlap. Plate A, has a groove 2 which guides the ply P1. Plate A: has a groove 2I2 which guides the ply P2. The lower portion of plate A3 is clamped between two base plates 20I and 202 secured by through bolts 203 and 204. Plates A1 and A2 are vertically adjustable along plate A3. The positions of plates A1 and A: are determined by wedges 205 and 206, respectively. The lower edges of wedges 205 and 206 are received, respectively, by grooves 201 and 208 provided by plates having beenso located that the guiding grooves 2H and 2I2-of plates A1 and A1 are positioned to give the plies P1 and P: the correct amount of overlap, plates A1 and A: are secured in the required position of adjustment by tightening screws 2 I3 and 2 I4 which pass vertically through these plates and are threaded into holes tapped into base plates "I and 202, respectively. Plates A1 and A: are secured in the required position also by clamping bolts 2I5 which pass through round holes in plates A1 and A: and through vertical slots in plate A; and which cooperate with nuts 2I6. Wedges 209 and III are secured in position. also by screws 2| I passing through washers 2|8 and threaded into tapped holes in plates A1 and Ar.

The first set of rolls I, comprising rolls L and In, receives the plies from guide A and rolls a curve on the outside edge of each ply thereby producing work having a cross-section as shown in Fig. 8. The work then passes through guide B comprising members B1 and B: which cooperate to provide a channel-shaped passage through which the work, as shown in Fig. 8, passes. The

turned-up edges e1 and er of plies P1 and P2.

respectively, cooperate with the side walls of this channel to hold the piles in correct relation without changing the overlap while the plies move to the next set of rolls II.

Rolls 11, comprising roll Heand roll II, start forming on the center of the work curving it up to'an angle of about 120, as shownin Fig. 9 which is drawn to a larger scale than Fig. 6. The plies P1 and P2 are so off set that this 120 bend is located about one-quarter of the way in from the edges of the plies. The plies are maintained substantially in the position shown in Fig. 9 while they pass through the guide C comprising members C1, C2 and C3. The space between the members 01 and C2 which is arcuate in crosssectional contour receives the overlapping 120 bent portions of the plies P1 and P2 and prevents lateral displacement.

Rolls III which comprise rolls III and III form the work into the shape shown in Fig. 16 in which the sides thereof appear to make an angle approximately which is a sort of V shaped formation. The work then passes through .guide D which comprises parts D1, D2 and D1.

Part D1 is the same as part C1 of guide C,'and

' part D3 is the same as part C1-of guide C. The

space between guide parts D1 and D2 ,is arcuate in cross-section and receives the bent overlapping portions of the plies. The'part D1 provides a V-shaped channel, the sides of which are approximately 60.

From guide D the work passes through rolls IV comprising rolls IVs and IV which form the work into the shape shown in Fig. 17, in which the work is formed into as nearly a U-shape as is possible. Then the work passes through guide E comprising part E1, part E2, and an arbor or mandrel M which is attached to guide part E1 by the part E4. The mandrel M projects into a space between the adjacent ends of guide parts E1 and E3 and then is bent at right angles and.

extends through a deep V'shaped channel in the guide part E: as shown in Fig. 13. Mandrel M extends through all of the subsequent rolls and guides and into the rotary swager shown in Up to the point where the work enters between the rolls V, as substantially shown in Fig 17, the previously described rolls and guides have caused the groove in part F2 tends to maintain the onehalf cylindrical portions of the plies in correct relation while the non-overlapping portion of the ply P: is being formed. After the work passes through guide F, it passes through rolls VI comprising VL and We, which shape the work substantially into the form shown in Fig. 23. Then the work passes through guide G comprising a part G1 which is the same as part F1 of guide F and a part G2. Then the work passes through rolls VII, comprising V1111 and VII, which form the work into the shape shown in Fig. 24. The outer ply P: has been formed very roughly into tubular formation while the formation of the inner ply P1 remains uncompleted.

Next, the work passes through guide H; Guide H cooperates with the mandrel M to guide the work to rolls VIII, which include VIIIe and VIIIb, which changethe shape of the inner ply P1 from that shown in Fig. 24 to that shown in Fig. 29.

The work then passes through guide J and.

then between rolls IX, comprising IXa and IXb,

where the work is-shaped into the form shown in Fig. 30. Then the work passes between rolls X, comprising two pairs of rolls like X11 and X11.

The first pair of rolls X11 and X11 shape the work and the bevelled edges of the outer plies are completely overlapping. The second pair of rolls X11 and X11 are used to assist in pulling the work through the machine since no rolls after rolls IV have any definite traction on the tubing.

The completion of the formation of the tubing T with closely compacted plies and closely contracted seams as shown in Fig. 35,. on Sheet 7, is effected by a rotary swaging machine illustrated in Figs. 32, 33 and 34 on Sheet 6 and Figs. 36 to 41 on Sheet '7.

The rotary swaging machine comprises a frame I30 having a stepped or shouldered bore comprising portions'I3I, I32 and I33. The bores I3I and I33 receivetapered roller bearings I34 and I35 which support a tubular shaft I36 having a shoulder I31 against which the inner race of bearing I34 is urged by the tightening of a nut I38 which urges the inner race of bearing I35 against a spacer I30 which in turn bears against the inner race of bearing I34. Nut I38 which is threaded on shaft I36 is locked in position by locknut I40. The space to the right of nuts I38 and I40 and the bearing I35 is enclosed by a cupshaped plate I which is attached to the frame I30 and whichsupports an oil or'grease sealing ring I42 to prevent escape of lubricant toward the rightalong the-shaft I36. lgllsoape of lubricant to the left from the bearing in is minimized by a felt washer I43 secured between an annular flange I44 of the shaft I36 and a metal washer I45. The parts I45 and I43 are secured to the flange I44 by rivets I46.

As shown also in Figs. '36 and 37 on Sheet 7, the shaft I36 has a head I50 from which extends two symmetrical bosses I5I and I52 which are similar segments of a cylinder. The surfaces I5I. and I525 of these bosses receive hard metal liners I53 and I54, respectively, as shown in Fig. 32. The surface I55 of the head I50 located between the bosses I5I and I52 receives a hard metal liner I56 as shown in section in Fig. 33. These liners support and guide swaging hammers I50 which work against swaging dies I6I, one of which is shown in detail in Figs. 38 and 39 which are draw' to about twice the scale of Figs. 32, 33 and 34. Each hammer I60 carries a pin I62, the ends of which project beyond the end surfaces of the hammers. As shown in Fig. 33, the left end of the pin I 62 extends into a slot I63 in a plate I64 fastened to the bosses I5I and I52. The right hand end of the pin I62 extends into a slot I65 in the liner I56 formed and located similar to the slot I63. The pins I62 cooperate with plate I64 and liner I56 to limit outward movement of the hammers due to centrifugal force. When the tubing is passing through the swager the pins I 62 do not bottom in the slots I63 and I65. The spaces between the hammers I60 and the dies I6I are occupied by one piece shims I60. of such thickness as to transmit the movement of the hammers to the dies to cause the dies to swage the tubing to the desired diameter.

As the shaft I36 rotates, the hammers I60 are caused to strike against rollers I10 supported by a stationary roller cage I'II, details of which are shown in Figs. 40 and 41 on Sheet 7. The cage I1I comprises an annulus I12 from which extends a plurality of bosses I13 spaced apart so as 'to provide pockets I14 each for receiving a roller I10.. As shown in Fig. 34, the annulus I12 of the cage IN is received within a shouldered recess I15 in the frame I30 and is secured therein by screws I16 which also secure to the bosses I13 of, the roller cage "I an annular cover plate I11. The outer cylindrical surfaces of the annulus I12 and of the bosses I13 provide cylindrical bearing for a rotary disc I having a V-groove 'I8I for receiving a driving V-belt, not shown. The disc I80 is confined between the plate I11 and the opposite face of the frame I30.

The shaft I36 supports a driving pulley I having three V-grooves I9I each for receiving a driving V-belt. Pulley I90 is fixed to the shaft I36 by key I92. Shaft I36 supports a guide tube I93 which is threaded into the shaft I36 as in-- dicated at I94 and is locked in position by a lock-nut I95. This guide tube extends through the shaft I36 and terminates just short of the swaging dies I6I.

.The shaft I36 and the disc I80 are rotated in opposite directions and at speeds such that the peripheral speed of the inner cylindrical surface of the disc I30 is equal to the peripheral speed of the hammers I60 when striking the rollers I10.

The shaft I36 is rotated at a fairly high rate, namely 750 R. P. M. Due to centrifugal force, the hammers I 60 and the dies I6I tend to move outwardly toward the rollers I10. When the hammers I60 strike the rollers I10 the dies I6I are directly behind them. Hence, the blow received by the hammers I30 striking the rollers I10 are directly transmitted through the shims I30. to the dies I6I causing them to pound against the tubing T to change its shape from that in Fig. 31, Sheet 5, to that shown in Fig. 35, Sheet '1. At the time the rollers I10 are struck by the hammers I6I, the rollers are forced outwardly against the inner cylindrical. surfaces of the disc I 60 which is rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation, of the hammers I60. If, for example, the shaft I36 is rotating clockwise as viewed in Fig. 32, the upper hammer on striking the uppermost roller I10 will tend to cause the roller to move toward the right and be wedged against the adjacent boss I13 of the roller cage. This would tend to stop rotation of the roller I10, but this tendency is counteracted owing to the fact that the disc I30, which is rotating counterclockwise, tends to move the roller I10 toward the left. Thus any tendency of the hammer to bind the roller and to cause it to stop rotating is overcome by rotation of the disc I60. By the use of the rotating disc I60, the rollers I10 have a free turning action which is desirable in order to reduce friction and also to minimize the time of contact between the rollers and the hammer I60 thereby minimizing the time of contact between the dies I 6| and the tubing. It is desirable that this time of contact be minimized, because the twisting or spiralling of the tubing which would result in spiral instead of longitudinal seams will be minimized. It will be remembered that the tubing is moving longitudinally at the rate of 18 ft. per minute (for A" 0. D. tubing) while being acted upon by rotary swaging dies which do not move longitudinally with the tubing. Therefore, it is important that the blows delivered to the tubing be of as short duration as possible in order to minimize the spiralling of the tubing.

While tubing used for conducting liquids may be sufficiently strong although its seams have a certain amount of spiral, there are other uses of tubing which make it necessary that the seam be absolutely longitudinal. This is essential where the tubing is used for radio aerials mounted on the roofs of automobiles. Such tubing is generally chromium plated and highly polished; and it is desirable that the longitudinal outer seam be as inconspicuous as possible. Hence. the tubing should have the outer seam absolutely longitudinal so that the tubing can be mounted with the seam down and therefore out of sight.

Another advantageous feature of the swinging machine is the guide tube I93 through which the work passes after leaving the swaging die I6I. This guide tube eliminates most of the whipping of the work T and keeps it from being distorted and scarred. In order to adapt the swager to different sizes of tubing, the only changes that are required are in the swaging dies I6I and in the guide tube I93. For O. D. tubing the radius 1' in Fig. 38 is '.124". These blocks are 1 long and the restricted portions at the center are and the flares are each long. The guide tube I93 will have the same outside diameter, but the inside diameter will vary to accommodate different sizes of tubing. The arbor M which passes through the swager is a continuation of the arbor M of the rolling mill and is .187" to .189" in diameter for a 4" tube.

The swager finishes the tubing into the shape shown in Fig. 35 with the plies closely compacted and the seams closely overlapping. The tubing form, it a to be understood that other forms might .be adopted, all coming within the scope then passes into the brazing furnace in which the temperature of the tubing is elevated to about 2100 F., and in which the tubing passes through a bath of copper which by capillary attraction almost instantly enters and fills the interstices between the seams and plies of the tubing. The excess copper is wiped oil by a gas wiper or jet which envelopes the tubing as it passes'from the brazing zone. Then the tubing passes through a cooler which is a water jacketed pipe containing a non-oxidizing atmosphere. finally cooled by direct contact with water and rolled up into lengths of 1000 ft; The brazing apparatus is described and claimed in the copending application of Charles A. Nichols and Raymond H. Bish, Serial No. 199,556, filed April 2, 1988.

Referring again to Fig. 35 onsheet'l, it will be noted that the two, strips P1 and P: which form the tab are interlocking. This is due to the fact that each layer of tubing comprises a portion of the inner ply and a portion of outer ply. Since the plies are interlocking, there can be no angular displacement of one ply with respect to the other. Where multiply tubing is formed from separate plies of stock in a manner such that the inner layer of the tube is provided in its entirety by one ply and the outer layer in its entirety by another ply, it is possible for an angular displacement between the two plies to take place during the formation of the tubing. This displacement is known as spiraling and occurs more frequently in larger sizes of tubing where the outside strip has a tendency to spiral independent of the inside strip. The result, therefore, is that in certain plies along the length of the tube the seams may be adjacent. This is objectionable because the tube is not as strong where the seams are adjacent. Since the forming rolls shape the plies for interlocking engagement, the swager must necessarily form diametrically opposite jogs in the plies which give the interlocking effect. Therefore, if the tube spirals at all while being formed, it must spiral as a whole. Since, due to the interlocking of the strip, they cooperate together to resist spiraling, there is twice the tendency to prevent a spiral.

Another advantage of the present method of forming tubing is that tighter seams are formed than in the case where an attempt is made to butt the bevelled edges of the same ply to form the seam. The scarfed or bevelled edges of the plies naturally tend to lie compactly along the jogs or oifsets, hence there is no appreciable tendency to form voids in the seams near the scarfed edges.

A further advantage is that there are two seams appearing on the exterior of the tube; therefore, it is always easy to tell that these seams are properly spaced apart. Furthermore, the two seams provide two paths for the entrance of copper between the plies.

Still another advantage is that both-plies are of the same width. This feature requires that there be only one-half the number of different sizes of stock as would be required for the manufacture of tubing in which the inner layer of tubing is provided entirely by the inner ply and the outer layer of the tube entirely by the outer ply. Naturally, only one half the number of manipulations are required to set up a scarfing machine for a particular size of tubing.

While the embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred The tubing is of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:'

1. The method of making a double-wall tube from two strips of stock which comprises locating the strips in overlapping relation, simultaneously bending the overlapping portions of the strips so as to form substantially one-half inner and outer wall portions of the tube, forming that strip which provides apart of the outer wall portion so that said strip provides the remainder oi the inner wall of the tube, forming the other strip to provide the remainder of the outer wall of the tube, and compacting the plies so that the edges of each one of the plies closely vide the remainder of the outer wall of the tube,

and'compacting the plies together so that beveled edges of each of the plies closely fit against that intermediate portion of the other ply forming a jog from the inner to the outer wall portion of the tube.

3. The steps in the method of making a double-wall tube from two strips of stock which include locating the strips in overlapping relation, simultaneously bending the overlapping portions of the strips so as to form substantially one-half inner and outer wall portions of the tube, forming that strip which provides a part of the outer wall portion sothat said strip provides the remainder of the inner wall of the tube, forming the other strip to provide the remainder of the outer wall of the tube.

4: Apparatus used in making a double-wall tube from two strips of stock which comprises means for locating the strips in overlapping relation, means for simultaneously bending the overlapping portions of the strips so as to form substantially one-half inner and outer wall portions of the tube, means for forming that strip which provides a part of the outer wall portion v so that said strip provides the remainder of the inner wall of the tube, and means for forming the other strip to provide the remainder of the outer wall of the tube.

5. Apparatus used in .making a double-wall tube from two strips of stock which comprises I strips around said mandrel to close the space between the plies and the seams of the tube.

6. Apparatus used in making a double-wall tube from two strips of beveled edge stock, the beveled edges being substantially parallel, means 6 alarms:

for locating the strips in overlapping. relation, means for simultaneously bending the overlapping portions of the strips so as to form substantially one-halt inner and outer wall portions of the tube, means for forming portions of the strips into substantially one-halt inner and outer .wall portions of the tube, an arbor or mandrel, means for forming over said mandrel that strip which provides a part of the outer wall 01 said tube 10 so that said strip provides the remainder of the 

